Technical Analysis. Tom Hall

Artist: Sub Focus

Track: Airplane

URL: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=L5-9ynJlf18

Focus Group Write Up

We carried out our focus group in Mr Mason' form room. we used a few members of our year group, the majority of whom were not media studies students. We felt this would be produce a better response for our chosen track as our audience would not be influenced by what we have covered inth the course this year and therefore would produce a more genuine response from our audience. We also made sure that the people we asked to attend the sesion were fans of the Drum and Bass genre that we have chosen. We knew that they would come up with a wider range of ideas as they have had more exposure to the genre than others. In all, 12 people took part in our focus group. We started out by outlining the purpose of the exrcise, and what our brief was for our coursework, to make sure they undertood what type of feedback we were looking for. We then played them the track we have chosen, Embrace ( SPL Remix) by Muffler, and listened to the ideas that our audience gave us.
The following are the various ideas we were given during the feed back session:
-The use of drugs for the slower and faster bits of the song.
-sounds like underwater, submarine.
-fluidity. motion. skiing/snowboarding.
-kinetic energy. - windmills.
-people running.
-people under the influence.
-rapid movement.
- strobe lights
-fade/focus
-fastcuts/shot changes.
-a journey.
-different modes of transport.
-bike.
-car.
-on foot.
-train.
-all meet at the end of the song.

After reviewing the feedback we found that the mojority of the ideas that our audience came up with were concepts that we as a group had already thort of a considered. The one input that did stand out though, was the idea of the journey as a narrative for the video. We had already decided to use a car, tied in with the concept of speed, within our video. However, it was suggested that we use multiple modes of transport, suchas a bike/train etc. to give the idea of a journey or race. It was also suggested that we should have all the people arrive and meet in the same place at the end of the video, to signify the culmination of the journey.

Auteur Context. Tom Hall

Chris Cunningham

Chris Cunningham is what it considered to be an auteur. His work in collaboration with artists such as Aphex Twin, Bjork, Madonna and Placebo. His style is somewhat removed from normality - it encompasses a surreal or slightly odd environment whilst still using realist techniques to make it believeable.
Cunningham has had close ties to Warp Records since his first production for Autechre. His infamous video for Aphex Twin's "Come to Daddy" is perhaps his most well known. His video for Björk's "All Is Full of Love" won multiple awards, including an MTV music video award for Breakthrough Video and was nominated for a Grammy for Best Short Form Music Video. It can still be seen at the Museum of Modern Art in New York. His video for Aphex Twin's "Windowlicker" was nominated for the "Best Video" award at the Brit Awards 2000. He also directed Madonna's "Frozen" video. His video work, "flex", was first shown in 2000 at the Royal Academy of Arts, and subsequently at the Anthony d'Offay Gallery and other art galleries. Later, he released Monkey Drummer in the same set. In 2005 Cunningham released the short film Rubber Johnny as a DVD accompanied by his first book.

Dominant Ideologies. Tom Hall

Are music videos a site for challenging dominant ideologies of ethnicity and gender, or do they simply reinforce simplistic stereotypes?

Generally speaking, commercially based artists and their videos are enforcing stereotypes. However, the music that we consider to be alternative listening - i.e. anything that is not mainstream, generally tends to have a different angle on life.

Ethnicity
Ethnicity is a hard topic to deal with, as it carries a lot of racial connotations, which could be perceived as being offensive. For example, "West Coast Gangsta Rap" music is based on the struggle for survival in "the hood". This normally involves lots of drugs, prostitution, murder (usually in the form of a drive-by), and the utter desperation of living in an environment in which the law isnt the rule - it is the younger people carrying guns who have a larger say. This is demonstrated particularly in this video.

Artist: 2Pac
Track: 2 of Amerikaz Most Wanted (featuring Snoop Dogg)
URL: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=WsFNXAmGz8U

This video demonstrates all that is stereotypical of a black male american gangster. This is shown with the use of guns, police involvment and conviction in federal court.

However, there are a number of videos that challenge this view to the steretypical black male. Kanye West for example in his video "Jesus Walks" depicts the black male not as hustlers, gangsters or pimps, but as subservient to the white males.

Artist: Kanye West
Track: Jesus Walks
URL: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=eFKPd_TRVC8

Gender
The stereotypical female in the pop music world is blonde, slim, attractive and manufactured. One example of this generalisation is Britney Spears. Her attractive figure is exploited, commodifying not only herself but the name of women. Her aim is to use herself as a visual image to sell her music, rather than using her music to sell itself. One slight drawback is that this is seen as a way of steretyping and slightly demeaning the name of women.

Artist: Britney Spears
Track: Toxic
URL: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=TkIytHD5v9c

However, some women choose to avoid this stereotyping to emphasise their individuality and thier own personal flair. This may imply that they are not in fact beautiful nor appealing, but at the same time, rebels against the representation of woman that they could find offensive.

Artist: The Horrors
Track: Sheena is a Parasite
URL: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=gZMrwZItOGE

Music Video Deconstruction. Tom Hall

Artist: Chase & Status

Track: Pieces (featuring Plan B)

URL: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=A92qgDSFsGE

Genre: Drum & Bass

Goodwin Analysis

Genre Characteristics

Drum and Bass is essentially a rave scene. There is heavy influence from the crime and drug worlds, and this video shows us both. General disregard for the law such as breaking and entering, smoking marijuana and cruelty to animals are all shown in the video. A slightly taboo approach is taken with lesbian activity and the voyeuristic exhibitionism highlights the disregard for normal social standards that the Drum and Bass rave scene is all about.

Relationship between Lyrics and Visuals

Drum and Bass rarely has a narrative. The lyrics are more decorative to the music - the focus lies mainly with the instrumental or synthesized sounds which contribute to a rave. This song is a slight exception. The featured artist, Plan B sings of a broken heart. This is demonstrated with the narrative of the video as a young man discovers that his ex-girlfriend has broken into his flat and hosted a birthday party for one of her friend. A gatecrash ensues, leaving the apartment utterly extirpated.

Relationship between Music and Visuals

The rave-like music requires a visual that is similar to being under the influence of a psychedelic drug. This is demonstrated in this video with short camera shots, and the green tint which does not simply suggest night time or handy-cam, but also a surreal backdrop to the proceedings.

Demands of Record label i.e. Artist Familiarisation

The labels in Drum and Bass are set up slightly differently than in mainstream music. A record label will be setup in the first instance by an artist to promote his own music. He or she will then sign other groups of the same style in order to strengthen the revenue of the label, rather than the individual artist. The music created is then liable to be remixed or used at raves with lyrical MCs over the top. In addition the people who create the music often DJ the events at which their music is played. Thus the focus is primarily placed upon the people who are at the front "MC-ing". This eliminated the need for artist familiarisation, as the recognition is in the music, rather than the visuals. However, the featured artist, Plan B is from a hip-hop background, and thus the need for him to be featured in the video is paramount.

Reference to Notion of Looking

Most of the video is of a videotape of the party at the characters flat. In addition, voyeuristic exhibition of the female body is included - namely in the lesbian and the straight sex scenes.

Intertextual References

There are no intertextual references.

Visual Techniques

Quick camera cuts are used to emphasize the rave context of the genre. Quick editing and a handy-cam style add to the verisimilitude of the narrative.

Artist Representation

Performance based representation of Plan B - no bias or representation other than musical implications of playing the guitar.

Representation

This video shows the Drum and Bass scene in a realistic, and perhaps negative light. The behaviour of those in the video, whilst perhaps not severe nor commendable is fairly typical of the Drum and Bass scene.

New Visionaries - Auteurs. Tom Hall

Chris Cunningham

Artist: The Horrors

Track: Sheena is a Parasite

URL: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v+gZMrwZltOGE

This video uses strobe lighting and quick, fast cuts to create a surreal environment to highlight the undesirable attributes of Sheena.

Artist: Placebo

Track: 36 Degress

URL: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=T0RpShS5FeQ

The make up and the displacement of air for water demonstrates a certain deathly feel to the video.  The floating guitar at the end of the video suggests definitely that the owner, is now dead.

Michael Gondry

Artist: Daft Punk

Track: Around the World

URL: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=K0HSD_i2DvA

This simple video has no story, but simply illustrates the songs lyric "Around the World" by a group of surreal characters travelling around in a circular motion what is currently considered to be the world.

Artist: The Vines

Track: Ride

URL: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v-yYfnf6ydcb0&feature=related

This performance based video uses a number of shots to show the band in action. A perspective from outside the room through glass shows us the audience. The multiplication of band is effective use of the large space.

Muffler - Embrace (SPL remix) Goodwin analysis - Duncan Moran

Genre Characteristics:
- Drum and Bass is famous for being palyed and parties and Raves.
- We will need a shot of people dancing/ravin at a gig possibly, in order to have the lighting etc associated with Drum and Bass.
- elements of the Underground scene
- fast paced frame cuts/flashing lights, chatoic scenes adapted to the change in the beat.
- fuzzy narrative for slower parts of the song. girls voice. put face to the vioce?

Relationship between lyrics and visuals:
- Very few lyrics throughout song, all female voice.
- narrative of life? happy times with family, boy/girlfriend, friends? progressesd to break up, chasing in car fast pace/high speed. harder times.
- Amplifying video

Relation ship between music and video:
- fighting? anger within narrative.
- fast paced bassy music.
- fast car (BMW???) - fast road (A21/M25?) travelling along moves across lanes into fast lane, speeds off
- Group of people (late teens/early 20's.
- dancing/raving to beat, more chaos as music gets faster.
- girl on sofa, drugs? smoking?
- depressive part for slower music beat.

Demands of the record label:
- very little need for closeups because theres isnt a huge influence from the artist.
- maybe for the driver of the car or on the girl used to represent the voice.
- close up of DJ maybe? with mixing decks?

Intertextual reference:
Girl in song not need to be represented as sexy/desirable.
- non provocative dressor dance moves.
- we could use the video for 'When Your Gone' by Basshunter.
- has nerrative of relationship problems/ people raving and dancing

Auter Video Deconstruction - Dan Scarborough

Video: Bjork - All is Full of Love: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=EjAoBKagWQA

Directed by Chris Cunningham.

This video is a classic example of Chris Cunningham's work, and is very representative of the conventions of his videos. The use of CGI to map Bjork's face onto the robot character's face is a technique that has been used previously in his Aphex Twin videos.

The videos retains the quirky obscurity of the rest of Bjork's videos, and definitely helps her to avoid any stereotypes of femininity which other female artists' videos do not do. The song is quie slow and atmospheric, and this is represented through the character's movement in the video. The camera is very steady and slow throughout, almost all the movement in the video is made by the robots, not the camera. This is quite unusual for a music video, as in most the camera is constantly moving in time to the music.

The robots move very slowly and purposefully, and the narrative of love throughout the song is represented as the two robots embrace in a kiss that lasts a good minute and a half. This video is very contraversial, as the robots are not male and female, but in fact both female, which obviously carries homosexual connotations into the video. It could be said that this is simply Bjork trying to appeal to a wider audience, but people familiar with her character will know this is unlikely, and that she is simply portraying her musical ideas through strange, unique imagery.

The whole video is done using special effects, the only use of any real life footage is in the mapping of Bjork's face while she sings the song, which is then pasted onto the robots' faces, this is done very well and looks very realistic.

The video does not really address Bjork's meta-narrative as it is completely unrealted to real life, what with the robots and CGI. There have been no stories regarding her and homosexuality in the news so I believe this video is simply an expression of her abnormality through music video.

I definitely believe that this video could be considered a work of art, as all the models and movements have been carefully created by someone using special effects on a computer. The character movements are all very deliberate and in time with the music, and it is done beautifully. I would definitely go as far as to call this video beautiful, it is a better work of art in my opinion than many paintings and drawings.

I belive that this video definitely demands a focused viewing. the type of music that Bjork plays cannot really be enjoyed socially or ambiently, her lyrics carry a lot of meaning, and this video is no exception to her usual quirky projects. This video demands the attention of the viewer, it is very interesting and very strange.

Context Auter - Dan Scarborough

Chris Cunningham:

Chris Cunningham is a classic example of a director whom you might describe as an auter. Cunningham first made a name for himself in the early 90's in the art departments of major motion pictures, designing robots and creatures for Clive Barker and David Fincher.

His work on Judge Dredd propelled him, in 1995, to work with the late Stanley Kubrick on his then-unfinished project A.I. (which was picked up by Speilberg). While working with Kubrick, Cunningham directed his first music video, Autechre's Second Bad Vilbel. What followed was a series of videos with various alternative English rock bands where Cunningham learned the ropes of filmmaking.

In 1997 Chris Cunningham directed the orgiastic mind-fuck known as Come to Daddy, a video which landed him squarely on the radar of every artist on the planet. Over the next two years Cunningham directed six videos and seven commercials, each with their own brand of genius.

In 2005 Cunningham released Rubber Johnny, a six-minute short that showed just how disturbing a vision Chris has. It came released with a book whose photos are definitely unsafe for work.

Since then, the Englishman has helmed a video for garage rock band the Horrors. He also famously attempted an adaptation of William Gibson's cyberpunk novel Neuromancer, as well as an adaptation of the comic RanXerox. He is reportedly currently working on one or more feature films.

Spike Jonze: auteur in context - Duncan Moran

Spike Jonze (born Adam Spiegel October 22, 1969) is an American director of music videos and commercials, and an Academy Award-nominated director and producer in film and television, most notably the 1999 film Being John Malkovich and the 2002 film Adaptation, both written by Charlie Kaufman. He is also credited as a co-creator of MTV's Jackass.

He has been behind many comercials for top companies such as Adidas, TV series such as Jackass, Films such as Being John Malcovich, and videos for Blind skateboarding. He has also worked as a Photographer, cinematographer, writer, choreographer and a producer, alongside his director status. He has been nominated for an Academy Award (Oscar) in the best director category for his works, BEING JOHN MALCOVICH and ADAPTION.

Jonze has directed music videos for a range of artists varying hugely in the genre of music they create. He has worked with iconic bands such as the Beastie Boys, Weezer, and REM, obscure artists, such as Bjork and Daft Punk, rap artists Ludacris and more recently Kanye West, and DJ Fatboy Slim.

In 2006, he was nominated by the Directors Guild of America for "Outstanding Achievement in Commercials in 2005." He was nominated for a body of work that included "Hello Tomorrow" for Adidas, "Penguin" for Miller Beer, and "Pardon Our Dust" for The Gap. He was a producer and co-creator of MTV television series Jackass and Jackass: The Movie, also directing some of the segments. Jonze has acted in some videos and films; his most prominent role was in Three Kings as the sweet, dimwitted, casually racist Conrad, in which he was directed by friend David O. Russell.

Jonze was also a co-founder and editor of Dirt magazine along with Mark Lewman and Andy Jenkins, as well as an editor for Grand Royal Magazine and senior photographer for Transworld Skateboarding. In the past, Jonze shot skateboard videos, most notably Blind skateboard company's Video Days in 1991. He also co-directed the Girl Skateboards film Yeah Right! and the Chocolate Skateboards video Hot Chocolate. In the closing credits montage of Yeah Right! Spike is shown doing a nollie heelflip in loafers. He is also co-owner of Girl Skateboards.

Jonze has many alter egos, which have included Richard Koufey (alternately spelled Coufey or Couffe), the leader of the Torrance Community Dance Group, an urban troupe that performs in public spaces. The Koufey persona appeared when Jonze, in character, filmed himself dancing to Fatboy Slim's "Praise You" as it played on a boombox in a public area. Spike showed the video to Slim, who loved it. Jonze then assembled a group of dancers to perform to Slim's "Praise You," which was taped outside a Westwood, California movie theater. The resulting clip was a huge success, and 'Koufey' and his troupe were invited to New York City to perform the song for the 1999 MTV Video Music Awards. The video received awards for Best Direction, Breakthrough, and Best Choreography, which Jonze accepted, still in character. Jonze made a mockumentary about the experience called Torrance Rises.

Mood Board - Dan Scarborough

Audience Research - Plan

Methodology:

We are going to perform a qualititive form of research called a focus group in Dan's form room, room 42. We have chosen to do this as it is a small group of people who have a good musical knowledge about our chosen genre.

Purpose:

We are testing whether they feel our chosen song is suitable for the video project. After this, we will ask them to mind map any ideas they may have about our chosen song. What first comes into their mind when they hear it? What do they think the music represents?

Sample Audience:

A group of 10-11 male teenagers aged 17-18, which is a representation of an integral part of our target audience.

Media Stimulus:

We will show them our track and then a couple of videos which are of the same genre. Nameley Chase & Status: Pieces and another one which we will decide closer to the time. We will also present the ideas we have already had to them.

Questions:

We are going to ask a lot of open questions about what images come into the audience's minds whilst listening to the track. This is also known as synaesthesia. We will ask if they have any specific ideas about what we could include in our videos.

Chosen Track: Muffler - Embrace (SPL remix)

This is an Atmospheric Drum and Bass track originally made in 2005 by Finnish Drum and Bass producer Muffler, and remixed in 2006 by Drum and Bass artist SPL. We have chosen to make a video for the remixed version of the song.

http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=XPN0SueVPL4

Autuer Video deconstruction: Jesus walks (Kanye West) Chris Mik - Duncan Moran

Kanye West - Jesus walks
http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=HUmcUuPo3Jo

In Kanye's video for Jesus Walks, the opening scene sees a line of prisoners being lead across a wilderness. They are all coloured, which critcises one of societies most discrimatory stereotypes of young black men as criminals. kanye uses the the line 'we at war witrh racism!' this reinforces the bleliefs of many cloloured people in the world that the colour of their skin gets them alot of abuse and criticism. The beat of the music is deep and bassy, with lots of drums used. this connotes judgement day which is the day Jesus is meant to walk the earth again.

Kanye west is represented as a very christian man, standing infront of crosses and wears a crucifix. we get the idea that he believes that Jesus will come again and save us.
he is openly religious in his personal life and alotof his work has religious connotations and argues many different religous and social perspectives. The doves that fly about throughout the video have connotations of biblical sories.

He refers to murderers and drug dealers awell as the law abiders of society, claiming that god and jesus walk with all manner of people, no matter what choices they have made in life. These things, drugs and violent crime, are major problems within todays society, whichshows West's willingness to address topics that need talking about.

lots of fire, connotes judgement day, redemption of human souls. the prisoners wear bright white clothing which depicts purity and holyness. they walk across a barren wasteland which is displaying the problem with racism that Kanye is trying to get across to us.

Dominant Ideologies - Dan Scarborough

Are music videos a site for challenging dominant ideologies of ethnicity and gender, or do they simply reinforce simplistic stereotypes?

Ethnicity

Reinforcement:

Some videos, usually within the hip-hop and RnB genres reinforce stereotypes of black male artists. This is often done throught setting them in areas with a high concentration of black people, where some of them may originate from. This is especially seen in the west coast american gangster rap scene, with bands such as NWA and The Game.

Video: Hate It Or Love It - The Game ft. 50 Cent: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=MPoP-BvsXxY&feature=related

This shows the rappers in a typical poor black area in America, claimed to be Compton in the song. It's him growing up in the environment and it turning him into what he is now, and it is full of black American stereotypes, with them getting in trouble with the police, wearing flat caps and low jeans, driving around in souped up cars. Also included are scenes involving graffiti. A lot of black rap artists focus on the rags to riches theme, and this video is no exception, with the end of the video showing him flaunting his cash.

Challenging:

Some black artists do not follow these stereotypes in their videos at all, even purposefully set out to avoid them as some female artists may do the same when trying to avoid stereotypes of femininity. This is usually done not by directly challenging the stereotype in a physical sense, but more by simply avoiding it and not adhering to the labels that may have been bestowed upon them because of their ethnicity.

Video: I'm Not Gonna Teach Your Boyfriend - Black Kids: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=WHpo2IG7HvE

In this video the main singer/guitarist is a young black male called Reggie Youngblood. In the video he conforms to the conventions of a typical white Indie band's guitarist, and dresses and acts in the same way. This is an example of him, not deliberately challenging the black stereotype, but simply not adhering to it.

Gender

Reinforcement:

Although with the recent rise of feminism, female stereotypes are slowly become less prominent, there are still many female artsists who support the simplistic stereotype of a female artist being there for show and not for her musical talent. A lot of artists will have their songs written fro them, and will be portrayed very sexually in videos, often wearing very provocative or very little clothing.

Video: These Boots Are Made For Walking - Jessica Simpson: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=oHPkMpaI82Q&feature=related

This video is a brilliant example. Jessica is shown very sexually throughout the whole thing, with shots of dismemberment and the feminine touch. She is wearing very little clothing throughout, and although in one shot she punches a male character, but this doesn't really change anything because she is wearing skimpy clothing while she does this.

Challenging:

The female stereotype shown by Jessica Simpson is one that is very common, and is also one that many female artists are keen to avoid in their work, artists such as Bjork and KT Tunstall work to escape these stereotypes, and their videos with the use of auters help them do this.

Video: Nemesis - Arch Enemy: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=n9AcG0glVu4

Angela Gossow, the frontwoman of American Metal band Arch Enemy, completely destroys the female stereotype in all of her videos and live shows. Despite her being the typical artificial image of a woman, tall, slim and attractive, she makes full use of macho posturing, and instead of singing, she screams, something which is usually associated with males.

The verve bittersweet symphony - video deconstruction

The music video for the verve’s Bittersweet symphony compromises of the lead singer Richard Ashcroft walking in a straight line down a pavement. The bumps and barges his way through people, knocking them over and annoying them. This is a common characteristic of rock bands as they stereotypically cause more havoc and behave more violently than bands of other genres.
He talks about life being a bittersweet symphony and of having to always make ends meet. This is mirrored in the content of the video. Ashcroft looks dishevelled and depressed. His expression is unchanged throughout the video, as if he is on a mission and does no longer care. The music is very slow with a heavy beat which is seen through his slow steady walking pace and the emphasis on the beats is shown through the close ups on his stepping feet.
The camera techniques are fairly minimal in this sequence however they have a lot of effect on the viewer. There are a lot of close ups on Richard Ashcroft’s face and this shows him to have dark, sunken eyes. He seems tired and this is very in keeping with the sombre tone of the music. The mise-en-scene of the piece is exemplified through the singer’s choice of clothes. He wears a leather jacket and suede loafer shoes which were both typical fashion items of the time that the song was written. They also use very little or no special effects in the video. This gives it a very simple, low budget feel, which was desired and this links in with the idea in the lyrics that life is a constant struggle.
Richard Ashcroft is represented as a simple man, who, in retrospect to his lyrics, is in a constant struggle to keep the pains of life at arm’s length. Ashcroft is known to be a family man and works it round his very busy life as a performer. His hard work as a musician is referred to as ‘making ends meet’ which he does to keep his family safe and happy.
The video is an example of illustration. It has a very close relationship with the lyrics used by the band. The lyrics illustrate a narrative that is of a man struggling through life, work hard to keep himself and his family above water so to speak. This is mirrored in the content of the video itself where the band’s lead singer, Richard Ashcroft, is seen to be on a mission, as he is walking continuously for the entirety of the video.
The video makes specific reference to a main issue in popular culture, poverty. The lyrics illustrate a hard way of life, having to battle with financial difficulties. He says that you are a ‘slave to money and then you die’. This is serious worry for a vast majority for people in today’s society. This means that the audience can relate to the video more directly and it will be more meaningful for them as the majority will have experienced the scenarios depicted in the song’s lyrics themselves.
Different social groups, especially the lower classes are represented mainly through the lyrics themselves, although Ashcroft is portrayed is as a more lower class man hampered by the strains of life’s financial difficulties. It is usually the lower classes that are represented as ‘poor’ or having been dealt the tough hand in life.

Music Video Deconstruction - Dan

Queens of the Stone Age - Go With The Flow

1. The video relates to the song title, notion of moving is represented in the truck driving, "Go With the Flow" video shows truck speeing through a desert and a truck. Dark, twisted element to video, linked to genre of 'stoner rock' (a sub genre of alternative)

2. The whole video used a unique visual style which has a camera technique where the characters, props are all black except for their eyes and the backdrop which is red. It is some form of animation, looks to be a cartoon like CGI. This gives a very dark/dangerous feel to the video which relates to the music. The setting is what looks like an American/barren land.

3. The band are represented wit a definite element of mystery as you cannot see their faces clearly and they look like shadows. It adds to their very slight meta-narrative, as their previous video 'No One Knows' shows them entering the truck at the end.

4. There is a degree of amplication, the screen seems to pulse with the beat, and the truck runs in time with the music.

5. There aren't really any references to popular culture.

6. It could definitely be considered art and is probably one of the most arty stylistic videos around. it presents a challenging idea by not letting you see the band but still having them in 'shadow' form.

7. Women represented sexually. A group of antagonists with skull masks drive into them. 9. Likely to be on something lkike MTV2 or Kerrang! focused viewing as it is a very good, interesting video.

9. Likely to be on something lkike MTV2 or Kerrang! focused viewing as it is a very good, interesting video.

New Visionaries - Dan

Chris Cunningham

The Horrors - Sheena Is a Parasite: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=gZMrwZItOGE I like this video because it is very simple and very dark. It is not commercial at all and would definitely be offputting to a squemish audience as it shows a womans guts flying towards the screen several times in time to the music, this could be seen as amplification.

Placebo - 36 Degrees: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=T0RpShS5FeQ Once again this is very similar to the style shown in The Horrors video Sheena Is a Parasite. it is very dark and utilises mise-en-scene to full effect. The use underwater camera scenes and white make up to make the band look gaunt, it is certainly not a commercial video.

Michel Gondry

Daft Punk - Around The World: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=K0HSD_i2DvA A very simple video which uses dance and character motion to represent the song. It is no doubt very appealing but also slightly strange as it contains characters dressed as skeletons and the like.

The Vines - Ride: http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=yYfnf6ydcb0&feature=related Michel and his brother Olivier "Twist" co-directed a new video for the Vines, called "Ride." The video was filmed in late January 2004 and is online at TheVines.com. Or see it at partizan.